History 513 2007-08 04. Search and Markup

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3 Oct 2007

Many search engines work by creating indexes for full text, data structures that pinpoint the location of almost every word. While generally very useful, this has the consequence of increasing the number of irrelevant items in search results. (”Radisson,” for example, can refer to the explorer, a hotel and resort chain, towns in Quebec and Saskatchewan, and so on.) Markup adds disambiguating information within texts.

Readings for Discussion

[WWW]A Conversation with Allen Renear,” Fox News (Nov 1999).

Bradley, Phil. “[WWW]Search Engines: Where We Were, Are Now, and Will Ever Be,” Ariadne Magazine 47 (Apr 2006).

Cohen, Daniel J. “[WWW]Digital History: The Raw and the Cooked,” Rethinking History (Jun 2004).

Cohen, Daniel J. “[WWW]The Single Box Humanities Search,” dancohen.org (17 Apr 2006).

Cohen, Daniel J. and Roy Rosenzweig. “[WWW]Getting Started,” Digital History. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 2005.

Cutts, Matt. “[WWW]How Does Google Collect and Rank Results?” Google Librarian Center Newsletter (19 Dec 2005).

Cutts, Matt. “[WWW]How Does Google Determine Which Websites are the Most ‘Trusted’?” Google Librarian Center Newsletter (19 Jan 2006).

Grant, Jen. “[WWW]Google Book Search: An Introduction,” Google Librarian Center Newsletter (21 Jun 2006).

Renear, Allen H. “[WWW]Text Encoding,” in A Companion to Digital Humanities, ed. Susan Schreibman, Ray Siemens, John Unsworth. Oxford: Blackwell, 2004.

Technical Background Readings

[WWW]Markup,” Fundamentals of the Digital Humantities, King’s College London (2002-06).

Dempsey, Lorcan. “[WWW]The Three Stages of Library Search,” Update Magazine (Nov 2004).

Mertz, David. “[WWW]XML Matters: TEI — the Text Encoding Initiative,” IBM developerWorks (4 Sep 2003).

Ray, Erik T. “[WWW]Markup and Core Concepts,” Learning XML: Creating Self-Describing Data. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly, 2001.

Thomas, Martin. “[WWW]Simple Guide for TEI Lite XML Markup.”

Further Reading

Bausch, Paul. Yahoo! Hacks. O’Reilly, 2006.

Calishain, Tara and Rael Dornfest. Google Hacks, 2nd ed. O’Reilly, 2004.

Individual Exercises

Easy. Working with search options. Choose a person from your research. Go the main Google search page, type in the name and keep track of your results. Now you are going to try various options to see if you can make the results more useful or more interesting (it’s your research, so you get to decide). Google allows phrase and boolean searching, negation of terms, synonyms, wildcards and many other options. It also allows you to limit the search by filetype, site, title, url, etc. See The [WWW]Essentials of Google Search and [WWW]Advanced Search Made Easy. You might also spend some time playing with [WWW]Soople.

Easy. Try a search grid. A search grid takes 3-5 search terms and tries each pair. Choosing a few terms from your research, try the search grid option at [WWW]Find Forward. Are there any unexpected (or unexpectedly productive) results? Find Forward also lets you make a number of other lateral moves from your initial search strategy, like returning possible questions for a given search term, or adding a random word to your search.

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